Can I get a NIF without being in Portugal?

Yes. You can use an online proxy service to apply on your behalf so the document is waiting for you when you arrive.

Is a NIF the same as a tax residency?

No. A NIF is just a tax identification number. It does not automatically make you a tax resident of Portugal until you spend more than 183 days there.

Getting Your NIF Tax Number in Portugal

To get a NIF, you must appoint a Portuguese fiscal representative if you are a non-EU/EEA citizen and apply through the Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira. You can do this in person at a Finanças office with a representative or hire a third-party service to handle the paperwork remotely.

Decide on your route. If you are in Portugal, you can go to a Finanças office in person. If you are abroad, you must hire a professional service or a lawyer to act as your fiscal representative and apply on your behalf.
Secure a fiscal representative. Non-EU citizens generally require a Portuguese tax resident to act as their sponsor/representative. Many online services (like Bordr or AnchorLess) include this fee in their service package.
Prepare your documents. You will need a valid passport, proof of address in your home country (like a utility bill or bank statement), and a completed 'Modelo 1' form.
Submit the application. If in person, bring your passport and representative to the nearest Finanças office. If online, upload your documents to your chosen service provider and wait 5–10 business days for your NIF certificate.

Can I get a NIF without being in Portugal?: Yes. You can use an online proxy service to apply on your behalf so the document is waiting for you when you arrive.
Is a NIF the same as a tax residency?: No. A NIF is just a tax identification number. It does not automatically make you a tax resident of Portugal until you spend more than 183 days there.