Do I need to cover my hair as a tourist?

In most Gulf countries, no, unless you are entering a mosque. In Iran, however, all women are legally required to cover their hair in public spaces.

Can I wear shorts if they are knee-length?

It is better to avoid shorts entirely. Even if they reach the knee, they are often viewed as 'leisure wear' and are considered disrespectful in local culture.

Is activewear acceptable for walking around?

Form-fitting athletic wear is considered provocative in public. Stick to loose-fitting, casual clothing instead.

How to dress respectfully in conservative Middle Eastern countries

Dress with the rule of 'shoulders and knees' covered at all times. Opt for loose-fitting, non-transparent fabrics that allow for airflow while maintaining modesty in public spaces.

Cover your core. Ensure your shirts cover your shoulders and collarbone. Avoid tank tops, spaghetti straps, or deep necklines. A t-shirt or a blouse with mid-length sleeves is ideal.
Cover your legs. Wear trousers, maxi skirts, or dresses that fall below the knee. If you are wearing leggings, pair them with a tunic or long shirt that covers your hips and glutes.
Carry a pashmina. Always keep a light, large scarf in your day bag. You will need it to cover your head or shoulders if you enter a mosque or if you feel you are attracting unwanted attention in a more conservative rural area.
Test your fabric. Stand in front of a window to ensure your clothing is not see-through. Many synthetic fabrics become transparent in harsh Middle Eastern sunlight.

Do I need to cover my hair as a tourist?: In most Gulf countries, no, unless you are entering a mosque. In Iran, however, all women are legally required to cover their hair in public spaces.
Can I wear shorts if they are knee-length?: It is better to avoid shorts entirely. Even if they reach the knee, they are often viewed as 'leisure wear' and are considered disrespectful in local culture.
Is activewear acceptable for walking around?: Form-fitting athletic wear is considered provocative in public. Stick to loose-fitting, casual clothing instead.