How to Prevent and Treat Altitude Sickness in the Andes

To handle high altitude, ascend gradually, stay hydrated, and rest for the first 24 to 48 hours without strenuous activity. If symptoms persist or worsen, you must descend to a lower elevation immediately, as the only definitive cure is moving to a lower altitude.

  1. Acclimatize before you arrive. If flying into a high-altitude city like Cusco or La Paz, spend your first 48 hours taking it extremely easy. Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and heavy meals, which dehydrate you and put extra strain on your body.
  2. Use medication preventatively. Consult your doctor about Acetazolamide (Diamox). Start taking 125mg twice daily 24 hours before arriving at high altitude and continue for the first 48 hours on the ground.
  3. Hydrate aggressively. Drink 3 to 4 liters of water per day. High altitude air is extremely dry, and your body loses water faster through respiration. If you aren't urinating frequently, you aren't drinking enough.
  4. Monitor for danger signs. Learn the difference between mild mountain sickness (headache, fatigue, nausea) and severe cases. If you develop a wet cough, lose coordination, or feel extreme confusion, seek medical help and descend below 2,500 meters immediately.
Does coca tea actually help?
It provides mild relief for nausea and helps with mild headaches, but it is not a substitute for proper acclimatization and hydration.
What is the best way to travel between altitudes?
If possible, take the bus rather than flying into high altitudes; this allows your body to adjust incrementally over 8–12 hours rather than a sudden change in pressure.
Will I get sick even if I am fit?
Yes. Altitude sickness is physiological, not a matter of physical fitness. In fact, highly fit athletes often push themselves too hard too early, which can make them more susceptible to symptoms.