Can I use the Nozomi or Mizuho trains with the pass?

Yes, but you must pay an additional surcharge. For budget travelers, it is usually cheaper to stick to the Hikari or Sakura trains included in the base pass.

Do I need to reserve seats?

You can reserve seats for free at ticket machines, but you can also use non-reserved cars. During busy seasons, always reserve your seat 24 hours in advance.

How to Buy and Use a JR Pass for Budget Travel in Japan

The JR Pass is only worth the cost if you plan to travel between major cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka in a 7-day span. Calculate your individual ticket costs using the JR Fare Calculator before buying, as price hikes in late 2023 made the pass significantly more expensive for budget travelers.

Calculate your route. Go to the 'Japan Transit Planner' (Jorudan) or a JR Fare Calculator. Add up the cost of every individual Shinkansen trip you plan to take.
Compare costs. If your total individual ticket cost is less than the current 50,000 JPY price of a 7-day pass, do not buy the pass. Buy individual tickets at station machines instead.
Purchase the Exchange Order. If the pass is cheaper, buy your 'Exchange Order' online via the official JR website. Do this at least 14 days before your arrival in Japan.
Activate the pass in Japan. Bring your passport and Exchange Order to a JR office at the airport or a major train station. Choose your start date; you do not have to start it the day you arrive.

Can I use the Nozomi or Mizuho trains with the pass?: Yes, but you must pay an additional surcharge. For budget travelers, it is usually cheaper to stick to the Hikari or Sakura trains included in the base pass.
Do I need to reserve seats?: You can reserve seats for free at ticket machines, but you can also use non-reserved cars. During busy seasons, always reserve your seat 24 hours in advance.