Can I use public buses?

You can, but you will spend 60% of your time waiting at stations. For a 3-week trip, public transport is not recommended if you want to actually see the parks.

Is it safe to drive across borders?

Yes, the main highway routes are safe during daylight hours. Never drive at night due to poor road conditions and unlit vehicles.

Planning an East African Overland Expedition: Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania

Covering Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in three weeks requires a strict itinerary focused on a north-to-south loop or a direct transit. Hire a 4x4 with a driver-guide for the best results, as public transport will eat up 40% of your total trip time.

Select your circuit. The most efficient route is the 'Northern Circuit' loop: Start in Nairobi, drive to Kampala/Entebbe (Uganda), head south to the Serengeti (Tanzania), and return to Nairobi. Do not attempt to visit every national park; pick one flagship park per country.
Secure cross-border permits. If renting your own 4x4, ensure your rental agency provides a 'COMESA Yellow Card' and a formal Letter of Authority to cross international borders. Without these, your vehicle will be impounded at the border.
Book your Gorilla trekking early. Gorilla permits for Bwindi Impenetrable Forest (Uganda) sell out 6 months in advance. Secure your permit before you book any international flights.
Map your transit days. Expect average speeds of 40-50km/h on rural roads. Never plan more than 300km of driving in a single day. Factor in 3-hour minimum wait times for border crossings.

Can I use public buses?: You can, but you will spend 60% of your time waiting at stations. For a 3-week trip, public transport is not recommended if you want to actually see the parks.
Is it safe to drive across borders?: Yes, the main highway routes are safe during daylight hours. Never drive at night due to poor road conditions and unlit vehicles.