How to Pack for High-Altitude Hiking in the Andes
Prioritize a strict layering system to manage extreme temperature swings and moisture. Pack for conditions ranging from freezing nights to intense UV exposure at altitudes above 4,000 meters.
- Build your base layer. Bring two sets of moisture-wicking synthetic or merino wool base layers. Avoid cotton at all costs; if it gets wet from sweat or rain, it will make you cold and potentially hypothermic at high elevations.
- Master the mid-layer. Carry a lightweight fleece or grid-fleece for active hiking and a heavier down or synthetic puffer jacket for when you stop moving. Even in summer, Andean temperatures drop below freezing as soon as the sun disappears.
- Prepare for extreme UV. The atmosphere is thinner in the Andes. Pack a wide-brimmed hat, polarized sunglasses with a category 3 or 4 rating, and at least 60ml of SPF 50+ sunscreen. You will burn in 15 minutes without protection.
- Select your footwear. Use broken-in, waterproof hiking boots with ankle support. Bring three pairs of wool hiking socks—one for the trail, one for camp, and one spare—to prevent blisters and keep feet dry.
- Do I really need specialized gear?
- Yes. Weather in the Andes is unpredictable. A sudden hail storm or high winds at 4,500m can be dangerous if you only have light clothing.
- How do I deal with altitude sickness in my packing?
- Pack a pulse oximeter to monitor your blood oxygen levels and consult your doctor about bringing Acetazolamide (Diamox) for the trip.