Do I need to cover my hair everywhere?

In most Middle Eastern countries, non-Muslim women do not need to cover their hair in public, with the exception of Iran. However, you must always cover your hair when entering a mosque.

Leggings are generally discouraged unless they are covered by a long tunic or dress that reaches your mid-thigh. They are considered too form-fitting to be worn as standalone pants.

Stick to private hotel pools or beaches. In public areas, always wear a cover-up over your swimsuit. A one-piece suit is significantly more appropriate than a bikini.

How to Pack Modest Clothing for the Middle East

Prioritize loose-fitting garments made of breathable natural fibers like linen or cotton that cover your shoulders and knees. Carry one lightweight pashmina or scarf in your day bag to easily cover your head or chest when entering religious sites or conservative areas.

Focus on loose silhouettes. Avoid tight-fitting clothing. Opt for wide-leg trousers, maxi skirts, and loose-fitting tunics. These allow airflow in hot climates while maintaining the local standard for modesty.
Master the shoulder and knee rule. Always ensure your shoulders and knees are covered. Cap sleeves are often insufficient for mosques; aim for sleeves that reach at least the elbow. Capri pants are often considered too short; full-length trousers or skirts are the safest bet.
Layer for versatility. Pack a high-quality pashmina or a large cotton scarf. It serves as an extra layer if the air conditioning is freezing, a sun shield during the day, and a head covering for mosque visits.
Choose breathable fabrics. Avoid synthetic materials like polyester, which trap heat. Stick to 100% linen, cotton, or bamboo. These dry quickly, breathe well, and keep you comfortable in 30°C+ heat.

Do I need to cover my hair everywhere?: In most Middle Eastern countries, non-Muslim women do not need to cover their hair in public, with the exception of Iran. However, you must always cover your hair when entering a mosque.
Can I wear leggings?: Leggings are generally discouraged unless they are covered by a long tunic or dress that reaches your mid-thigh. They are considered too form-fitting to be worn as standalone pants.
What about swimwear?: Stick to private hotel pools or beaches. In public areas, always wear a cover-up over your swimsuit. A one-piece suit is significantly more appropriate than a bikini.