Are tuk-tuks safer than taxis?

No. Tuk-tuks lack seatbelts and are exposed to traffic fumes and road conditions. Only take them for short distances in low-traffic areas.

How do I know if a songthaew is a taxi or a bus?

Songthaews are almost always shared. If you are hiring the whole vehicle for a private trip, agree on the 'charter' price beforehand.

How to Use Tuk-Tuks and Songthaews in Thailand

Always negotiate the price of a tuk-tuk before stepping inside, and use songthaews as shared-ride buses by hopping on the back and paying the driver through the window when you exit. Avoid tuk-tuks for long distances; they are best for short, fun trips where you don't mind overpaying for the experience.

Negotiating a tuk-tuk fare. Ask the driver 'How much to [destination]?' before you sit down. If they suggest a price, counter-offer with 30-40% less. If they refuse to budge, walk away; there is always another tuk-tuk 10 meters behind.
Flagging a songthaew. Stand on the side of the road and wave your hand down when you see a truck with a roof and two benches in the back. Check the destination board or ask the driver if they are heading toward your general area.
Paying for a songthaew. You do not pay when boarding. Sit in the back, and when you reach your stop, press the buzzer (if available) or knock on the roof to signal the driver. Hop out and walk to the driver's window to hand over the fare.
Understanding local pricing. Songthaews usually have fixed prices (e.g., 10-30 THB for city routes). If you are the only one in the vehicle, the driver may try to charge you a 'charter' price, which is significantly higher. If you want a cheaper ride, wait for others to board.

Are tuk-tuks safer than taxis?: No. Tuk-tuks lack seatbelts and are exposed to traffic fumes and road conditions. Only take them for short distances in low-traffic areas.
How do I know if a songthaew is a taxi or a bus?: Songthaews are almost always shared. If you are hiring the whole vehicle for a private trip, agree on the 'charter' price beforehand.