Can I wear shorts as a man?

In most Middle Eastern countries, shorts are seen as gym or beach wear. If you are in a major city like Dubai, you might see tourists in shorts, but wearing lightweight trousers will always earn you more respect.

Do I have to wear an abaya?

Only in specific locations or if you choose to. In Saudi Arabia, the law no longer mandates abayas for foreign women, but you should still dress modestly in public.

Does this advice change for luxury resorts?

Yes. Private beach clubs and high-end hotel resorts often have their own 'internal' dress codes where swimwear is perfectly acceptable. Keep a cover-up handy for the walk from the beach to the lobby.

Dressing Respectfully in the Middle East: A Practical Guide

Dress codes in the Middle East range from strictly conservative in Saudi Arabia and Iran to relatively relaxed in parts of the UAE and Lebanon. To stay respectful and avoid unwanted attention, prioritize covering your shoulders and knees regardless of your gender.

Research specific local laws. Check the official embassy website for your specific destination. Countries like Saudi Arabia have moved toward more flexible public dress codes, but conservative standards remain the default for government buildings and rural areas.
Master the 'Shoulders and Knees' rule. For both men and women, ensure that shirts cover the shoulders and trousers or skirts reach well below the knee. Avoid form-fitting clothing and transparent fabrics.
Prepare for religious sites. If visiting mosques, women should carry a lightweight pashmina or scarf to cover their hair. Both genders must remove shoes before entering, and men should wear long pants.
Observe locals in public spaces. On your first day, spend time in a local mall or coffee shop. Take note of the level of coverage among locals to calibrate your outfit choices for the rest of your trip.

Can I wear shorts as a man?: In most Middle Eastern countries, shorts are seen as gym or beach wear. If you are in a major city like Dubai, you might see tourists in shorts, but wearing lightweight trousers will always earn you more respect.
Do I have to wear an abaya?: Only in specific locations or if you choose to. In Saudi Arabia, the law no longer mandates abayas for foreign women, but you should still dress modestly in public.
Does this advice change for luxury resorts?: Yes. Private beach clubs and high-end hotel resorts often have their own 'internal' dress codes where swimwear is perfectly acceptable. Keep a cover-up handy for the walk from the beach to the lobby.